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COMBAT REGULATIONS OF THE SOVIET NAVY: POLITICAL WORK

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/0001430727

 

COMBAT REGULATIONS OF THE SOVIET NAVY: COMBAT ACTIONS TO DESTROY ENEMY SUBMARINES, SURFACE SHIPS, LAND TARGETS, AND TROOPS

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/0001430734

 

COMBAT REGULATIONS OF THE SOVIET NAVY: THE COMBAT ACTIVITY OF THE DIVISION, BRIGADE, AND REGIMENT

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/0001430735

 

COMBAT REGULATIONS OF THE SOVIET NAVY: THE NAVY AND THE FUNDAMENTALS OF ITS COMBAT EMPLOYMENT IN OPERATIONS

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/0001430691

 

COMBAT REGULATIONS OF THE SOVIET NAVY: THE CONTROL OF FORCES

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/0001430690

 

COMBAT REGULATIONS OF THE SOVIET NAVY: JOINT COMBAT ACTIONS OF NAVAL LARGE UNITS WITH LARGE UNITS AND UNITS OF OTHER BRANCHES OF THE ARMED FORCES

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/0001430730

 

COMBAT REGULATIONS OF THE SOVIET NAVY: THE DEFENSE OF BASING AREAS AND SEA LINES OF COMMUNICATION AND THE BASING AND REBASING (REDEPLOYMENT) OF LARGE UNITS AND UNITS

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/0001430728

 

COMBAT REGULATIONS OF THE SOVIET NAVY: THE COMBAT ACTIVITY OF THE SHIP

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/0001430732

 

COMBAT REGULATIONS OF THE SOVIET NAVY: THE SUPPORT OF COMBAT ACTIONS

https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/0001430731

Posted

Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons Volume 1:

The History of VA, VAH, VAK, VAL, VAP and VFA Squadrons

https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/naval-aviation-history/dictionary-of-american-naval-aviation-squadrons-volume-1.html

and

https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfAmericanNavalAviationSquadronsVolume1

 

 

Dictionary of American naval aviation squadrons, Volume 2 The history of VP, VPB, VP(HL), and VP(AM) squadrons

https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfAmericanNavalAviationSquadronsVolume2

  • 2 weeks later...
Posted (edited)

U.S. Navy Active Ship Force Levels, 1986-1992
 

 

DATE    9/30/86    9/30/87    9/30/88    9/30/89    9/30/90    9/30/91    9/30/92
BATTLESHIPS    3    3    3    4    4    1    -
CARRIERS    14    14    14    14    13    15    14
CRUISERS    32    36    38    40    43    47    49
DESTROYERS    69    69    69    68    57    47    40
FRIGATES    113    115    107    100    99    93    67
SUBMARINES    101    102    100    99    93    87    85
SSBNS    39    37    37    36    33    34    30
COMMAND SHIPS    4    4    4    4    4    4    4
MINE WARFARE    21    22    22    23    22    22    16
PATROL    6    6    6    6    6    6    6
AMPHIBIOUS    58    59    59    61    59    61    58
AUXILIARY    123    127    114    137    137    112    102
SURFACE WARSHIPS    217    223^    217    212    203    188    156
TOTAL ACTIVE    583    594*    573    592    570    529    471
 

EVENTS
•  Fall of the Berlin Wall and many East European communist governments, 1989-1990.

•  Gulf mobilization and war, 1990-1991.

•  Dissolution of the Soviet Union and end of the Cold War, 1991.

 

EVENTS
^     1980s high for surface warships.

*     1980s high for total active ships.

A rapid decline in force level is evident after the anticommunist revolutions in Eastern Europe and the collapse of the Soviet Union, 1989-1991.

https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/us-ship-force-levels.html

Edited by Perun
Posted

Mk 60 (Captor)

Mk60-aw.jpg

This deep-water ASW mine was conceived about 1960 and developed at NSWC at White Oak. A tentative specific OR was issued in November 1962, the name Captor being selected for a specific OR issued in May 1964. At that time it was hoped that Captor would reduce mine barrier costs by a factor of 100 (and barrier numbers by a factor of 400). The first production contract (for Techeval/Opeval) was awarded to Goodyear Aero-space (now a division of Loral) in 1972. Technical evaluation began in February 1974 and operational evaluation in June. Initial operational capability was achieved in September 1979 and approval for service use granted in February 1980. This very protracted development testifies to the complexity of the sys-tem. In fact, reliability problems prompted a suspension of production in 1980, procurement being resumed in FY82.

Mk60-w.jpg

Captor (the encapsulated torpedo) is a Mk 46 Mod 4 torpedo encapsulated in a mooring/sensing body that: passively detects and tracks submarines passing overhead. When a supposed track is sufficiently attractive, Captor begins active tracking and then launches the torpedo upward. This mode of operation will work in almost any depth because it utilizes reliable acoustic path (RAP) sound propagation. Determination of the target's initial bearing is by passive acoustic correlation and low-power digital processing, using techniques originally developed for the PUFFS (BQG-2/4) submarine sonar project. The mine body can be air-, surface-, or submarine- (torpedo-tube) launched, and it can moor in water at least 1000 ft deep. Lifetime is several weeks or months. Dimensions (weights) for the air/surface-launched versions are 21 x 145 in (2370 lb); for the submarine-launched version, 21 x 132 in (2056 lb).

During techeval in 1974-February 1975, its detection and classification system suffered from excessive false alarms, and the system was unreliable. However, Captor had shown sufficient potential to warrant further work, and follow-on test and evaluation of initial production units was suggested. Provisional approval for service use (ASU) was granted in January 1976; at this point the production rate was limited to 10 per month. Follow-on test and evaluation, using 10 Captors, began in January 1978. Full-scale production (15/month) was approved in March 1979. At that time the ultimate objective was 5785 Captor mines.

At that time, too, the Captor project included an attempt to control it remotely (RECO) by acoustic signal. This work was still proceeding a decade later; the FY88 program included initial studies of ambient and self noise. RECO now applies to Captor, Quickstrike, and advanced mines of unspecified type. The project is being managed by NSWC White Oak; the con-tractors are APL and Penn State University.

Captor is now being modified to accept a Mk 46 Mod 5 (NEARTIP) torpedo as its warhead. The hardware design for this Mod 1 version was completed under the FY88 program.

Mine Mk 66 is the practice version of Captor.

Procurement began in FY78, the FY78-80 budgets including 1810 Mk 60s. None were bought in FY81, but FY82 included a request for another 400 Captors. Subsequent procurement: FY83, 300; FY84, 300; FY85, 300; FY86, 150 (unrequested). As of 1985, plans called for 475 in FY85, 600 in FY86, 493 in FY87, and none in FY88. Unit cost in FY86, the last year of procurement, was about $377,000. In comparison, the unit cost of Captor was $113,000 in FY78.

https://web.archive.org/web/20120112052835/http://www.hartshorn.us/Navy/navy-mines-10.htm

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